Biography

He was born in 1890 in the village of Shangil, affiliated with the Barzan sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil Governorate. In 1914, he was in prison with Sheikh Abdul-Salam Barzani, but because he was young, he was released. After the collapse of the first Barzan revolution, when Sheikh Ahmed Barzani and a large number of Barzani families took refuge in North Kurdistan, he also became a refugee in the Republic of Turkey on June 21, 1932, with his family, when he was only one year old. However, after the Turkish authorities handed Sheikh Ahmed Barzani back to the government of Iraq in 1933, their family, like all those families who had taken refuge in North Kurdistan with Sheikh Ahmed, returned to South Kurdistan. Before going to the Soviet Union, he was married, and his wife's name was Almas Salim. On July 31, 1983, in the Anfal operation of the Barzanis, two of his sons named Hatam (1963-1983) and Hasko (1968-1983) were disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Qushtapa complex. He passed away in 1987 in the village of Goratu.

Struggle Record

Chicho Hatam Shamdin, after the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution in 1943, joined the ranks of the revolution. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized.

On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he crossed into East Kurdistan with Mustafa Barzani and his companions. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan force.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from East Kurdistan to South Kurdistan, he participated in the Battle of Naghadeh and the Battle of Oshnavieh in East Kurdistan. He was also among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region through (Khwakurk and the Bazargan plain) via the territory of North Kurdistan on April 19, 1947.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions in the village of Argosh on May 6, 1947, and gave them the choice of staying or heading towards the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed into the Soviet Union at the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them the Kurdish language.

After the bad treatment of the companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of Article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. In 1967, he participated in the Aylul Revolution.

Sources:
  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
  2. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  3. Haydar Farooq Al-Samarrai, Zia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
  4. Rikar Mizuri, The Tragedy of the Barzanis, First Edition, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Press - 2013).
  5. Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).
  6. Saleh Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
  7. Saleh Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Three, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
  8. Omar Hamza Salih, Genocide and Crimes of the Ba'ath Regime against the Barzanis 1975-1991 from the Perspective of Witnesses and Documents, First Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2017).
  9. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
  10. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998 AD).
  11.