Biography

Hali Papir Muhammad was born in 1905 in the village of Kalok, affiliated with the Piran sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. On June 21, 1932, he fled with his family to the Republic of Turkey, but after the Turkish authorities handed Sheikh Ahmed Barzani over to the Iraq government in 1933, their family, like all those families who had fled to Northern Kurdistan with Sheikh Ahmed, returned to Southern Kurdistan. Before going to the Soviet Union, he was married; his wife's name was Amina Sofi Ahmed, and they had two sons and a daughter named Hassan, born in 1940, Hussein, born in 1943, and Hamin, born in 1944. He knew both the Kurdish and Russian languages. He passed away on May 15, 1963, due to injuries and was buried on Piran Mountain on the Brimka hill.

Struggle Record

In 1931, he joined the ranks of the First Barzan Revolution, and on April 3, 1932, he participated in the Battle of Meydandari in Dolavazhi. In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution. In the same year, on October 2, he participated in the capture of the Shanadar police station, on October 12 in the capture of the Kherazok police station, and on October 15 in the capture of the Birakepra police station. In 1943, in the continuation of the revolution's efforts to seize police stations, on October 20 he participated in the capture of the Sherwan Mazn police station, on November 6 in the capture of the Goratu police station, and on November 10 in the capture of the Mazne and Kaniarashi police stations. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the military martial court, all his movable and immovable property was seized.

On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with  Mustafa Barzani and his companions, he crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan force. On April 29, 1946, he participated in the Battle of Qarawa in the Saqqez region in Eastern Kurdistan.

 After the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan, on February 23, 1947, he participated in the Battle of Silwa in Eastern Kurdistan and was wounded in that battle. In the same year, on March 3, he participated in the Battle of Nalos, and on March 19, he participated in the Battle of Naghadeh and Oshnavieh, and then participated in the battles of Pasweh and Bukan.

He was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mazuri region on April 19, 1947, through (Khwakurk and the Barazgar plain) via the territory of Northern Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice of staying or going to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur Valley and the Battle of Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were placed for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by a group of soldiers. They were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish language lessons for four hours daily by some of their companions who were literate.

After the bad treatment of Jafar Bagirov towards his companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the Kolkhoz farms (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, finally a letter reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Finally, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and was a battalion commander. On the night of June 14-15, 1963, he participated in the Battle of Sari Akre and participated in the battles of the Rikan region, the Zebar region, and the Piris and Sofi mountains. He was wounded in the battles of the Piris and Sofi mountains and passed away due to his injuries and was buried on Piran Mountain on the Brimka hill.

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