Biography

Hassan Muhammad Salim was born in 1922 in the village of Argosh, affiliated with the Sherwan Mazin sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He studied in the Soviet Union and was a graduate of a nursing course. He married Gulizar Ibrahim Mirza in the Soviet Union, and they had two daughters named Gurbet, born in 1951, and Fatima, born in 1958. Hassan Muhammad Salim knew Kurdish, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Russian. On July 31, 1983, during the Anfal operation of the Barzanis, he was forcibly disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Harir complex.

Struggle Record

In 1944, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military court, all his movable and immovable property was seized.

On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with Mustafa Barzani and his companions, they crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, as part of the Barzan force, he defended the Republic and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mizuri region on April 19, 1947, via (Khwakurk and the Bazargir plain) through the territory of Northern Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions in the village of Argosh on May 6, 1947, and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them the Kurdish language.

After the poor treatment of his companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and teams by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which  Barzani describes the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decides to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision is that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the application of article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he and his companions returned to Kurdistan by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

He participated in the  Aylul Revolution and was a Peshmerga, and participated in the battles.

Sources:
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