Hise Shar was born in 1911 in the village of Ishukur, belonging to the Goratu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. After they went to Eastern Kurdistan, his wife, whose name was Fatima, passed away in the village of Kani Spi in Eastern Kurdistan along with two sons and a daughter. He married Leva in the Soviet Union and they had three daughters and a brother. One of his sons, named Zikri, who was born in 1975, was martyred in the civil war. Hise Shar knew both Kurdish and Russian languages. He passed away in 1991 in the Harir sub-district.
Struggle RecordIn 1932, he joined the ranks of the first Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. After the second Barzan Revolution broke out in 1943, he joined the revolution and participated in the battles of the revolution. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized.
On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the second Barzan Revolution, he and his family headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he was a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Republic of Kurdistan. After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan, he was among those Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mizuri region through (Xwakurk and the Barazgir plain) via the territory of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947.
After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions in the village of Argosh on May 6, 1947, and gave them the choice to stay or head towards the Soviet Union. There, all the companions decided to continue and head towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them the Kurdish language.
After the bad treatment of the companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Charchuk community near "Tashkent", the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train across the collective farms of the Soviet Union and worked on the Kolkhoz fields (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).
After much effort and the sending of several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was for them all to be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.
After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (a) of the tenth article and the implementation of article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.
In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he and his companions returned to Kurdistan via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq on the ship Gruzia.
In 1963, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and participated in the battles, including the Battle of Sofiyan. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution, he went to the Kingdom of Iran as a refugee. In 1981, he participated in the Gulan Revolution and was a Sarpal and participated in the battles. He returned to Kurdistan during the 1991 uprising.
Sources:- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
- Haydar Farooq Al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
- Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).
- Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996).
- Saleh Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
- Abdulrahman Malla Habib Abubakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001).
- Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Press - 2015).
- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).
- From the memoir of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Rewshanbiri Printing House - 1997 AD).
- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The 14 July 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979 AD).
- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998 AD).