Biography

Suleiman Bek Darkli was born in the year 1898 in the village of Darkle, affiliated with the Warti sub-district in the Rawanduz district of Erbil Governorate. He had two families before going to the Soviet Union. His first wife was Aisha Fattah Hussein, and he had one son and three daughters with her: Mat Suleiman (1932), Saadat Suleiman (1936), Izzat Suleiman (1937), and Nazli Suleiman (1940). His second wife was Halim Suaziz, and he had three sons with her: Shawqi Suleiman (1936), Salah al-Din Suleiman (1939), and Shirzad Suleiman (1945). He married a woman named Nina in the Soviet Union. He was fluent in Kurdish, Arabic, Turkish, and Russian, and died in 1974 in the village of Darkle, where he was laid to rest.

Struggle Pages

Suleiman Bek Darkli was an Officer in the Iraqi Royal Army and he fled from the military, joined the ranks of the Second Revolution of Barzan in the year 1944, and participated in the battles. On 19 August 1945, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated by order of the Iraqi Military Court. On 11 October 1945, after the setback of the Second Revolution of Barzan, he moved with his family to Eastern Kurdistan.

 On 31 March 1946, he joined the Barzani forces belonging to the army of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan. On 29 April 1946, he participated in the Battle of Qarawa under the command of Khadr Suleiman Bek in the Saqqez region of Eastern Kurdistan. On 15 April 1947, he crossed with Sheikh Ahmad Barzani the Kader River located on the international border between the Iranian Kingdom and the Iraqi Kingdom, and he was detained for several months in the Diana garrison (Erbil). On 19 April 1947, he decided to continue the struggle under the leadership of General Mustafa Barzani. On 23 May 1947, after the expanded meeting in the village of Diri, he decided to go with the force to the Soviet Union. On 28 May 1947, he attended a meeting in the village of Girmi at the request of Mirhaj Ahmad. On 18 June 1947, he crossed the Aras River on the Iranian border with the Soviet Union. On 19 June 1947, he and all his comrades were detained in Nakhchivan in the Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by soldiers. They were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and transportation. On the 23rd, by a decision of the Soviet government, they were gathered and settled in the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, and Ayulakh in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On 10 December 1947, they were transferred to the Baku camp in the Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan. On 23 December 1947, military uniforms were distributed to them, and they were receiving military training for eight hours daily under the supervision of officers from the Republic of Azerbaijan, and they were receiving lessons in the Kurdish language for four hours daily by some educated refugees. On 19 January 1948, he became a Member of the Political Leadership in Kurdistan of Iraq at the General Baku Congress, which was held in the presence of the Delegates of all Iraqi and Iranian Kurds. On 29 August 1948, he was transferred with all his comrades from the Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan to the Jarjuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Soviet Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training. On 14 March 1949, he and his comrades were distributed in groups by train to the cooperative villages, and he was transferred to Samarkand. In November 1951, he returned to Friviski in the Soviet Union, and on 16 April 1959, he returned with his comrades to Kurdistan on the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. He participated in the Aylul Revolution.

Sources

 1. Interview with Matin Magazine, Comrade of the struggle with Barzani, Aziz Qazi, narrates his memoirs, Part Two, Matin Magazine, First Branch of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified, Issue 48, Third Round, Duhok, Hawar Press, 2 December 1996 AD.

2. Hamid Gardi, Summary of the Historical Message, First Edition, (Erbil – Aras Institution for Printing and Publishing - Ministry of Education Press – 2004 AD).

3. Haidar Farooq al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and the Political and Economic Role in Iraq (London - Dar al-Hikma – 2016 AD).

4. Zarar Suleiman Bek Darkli, My Memories in the Years 1943-1977, (Sulaymaniyah – Rahand Press- 2002 AD).

5. Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil- Rozhelat Press – 2013 AD).

6. Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002 AD).

7. Abd al-Rahman Amla Habib Abu Bakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931 - 1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001 AD).

8. Abdullah Ghafoor, Erbil Geographical Dictionary, (Erbil - Publications of the Kurdish Academy - Al-Hajj Hashim Press - 2015) p. 215, p. 234.

9. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviets, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah – Biyond Press- 2011 AD).

10. Laith Abd al-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The 14 July 1958 Revolution in Iraq (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing – 1979 AD).

11. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok, Khabat Press, 1998 AD).

12. Najaf Quli Pasian, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party 1996 AD).

 13. Archive of the Encyclopedia Authority of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.