Biography

Ali Khalil Khoshawi was born in 1925 in the village of Silke, affiliated with the Sherwan Mazin sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil Governorate. In 1952, he studied at Tashkent University in the Soviet Union and received an institute diploma in the political department. In 1954, he was transferred to study for higher education at Moscow University. After returning from the Soviet Union in 1959, he was appointed as a school teacher in the village of Silke. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution, he went to Iran as a refugee and resided in Naqadeh and later in the city of Karaj. In September 1975, he accompanied President Mustafa Barzani, who had gone to the state of Minnesota in the United States for treatment. He passed away on January 21, 2011, in Salahaddin (Erbil) and was buried in the cemetery of the village of Silke.

 

Struggle Record

In 1935, his father, Khalil Khoshawi, was martyred by the then-government of Iraq. In 1943, he performed military service at the Birekepra police station. On October 15, 1943, he handed over the Birekepra police station to the Barzan revolutionary army and joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution, which was led by President Mustafa Barzani against the then-regime. During that period, he participated in the capture of the police stations that existed in the border area of the revolution: the Shanadar police station, the Kherazok police station, and the Sherwan Mazin police station.

On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized. On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan alongside the revolutionaries. In 1947, after the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan, he led the Nelos front during the defense of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad against the then-army of Iran and participated in defensive battles such as: the Battle of Gojar and the battles of Oshnavieh and Naqadeh. On May 23, 1947, as a group leader, he participated in the march toward the Soviet Union and played a major role in the battles. After crossing the Aras River on June 18, 1947, he and all his companions were placed for forty days in an open-air camp in Sakedasht in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan Soviet Republic, which was surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by soldiers, and they were treated as prisoners of war. Later, by the decision of the Soviet Union authorities, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, and Ayulakh in the Azerbaijan Republic. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to the Baku camp in the Azerbaijan Soviet Republic. On December 23, 1947, he participated in military training, where they trained daily for eight hours under the supervision of officers of the Azerbaijan Soviet Republic. Alongside this, he participated daily for four hours in the course that had been opened by the literate refugees to learn to read and write the Kurdish language.

 On August 29, 1948, along with all his companions in the Azerbaijan Soviet Republic, he was transferred to the Charchuk camp near Tashkent, the capital of the Uzbek Soviet Republic. He continued his military training there. In March 1949, he and his companions were transported by plane in groups and squads to the island of Monyak, which was in the middle of the Aral Sea. In November 1951, he returned to Vriviski in the Soviet Union.

 On February 25, 1959, by the authorities of the Republic of Iraq, based on the tenth article, paragraph A, of the seventy-third subject, which was issued by the Council of Ministers and based on the amendment No. 19 of the year 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty. After July 14, 1958, on the recommendation of President Mustafa Barzani he remained for the purpose of continuing his studies. After completing his studies, on April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions via a trip to Georgia through the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

With the outbreak of the Aylul Revolution he joined and participated in the battle of the village of Garmik in the Duhok Governorate and was wounded in this battle. In 1962, by the decision of President Mustafa Barzani, he was made a force commander in Duhok and led the battles of Mount Matin and Gali Qantara. He was the commander of the Amedi force. On November 3, 1971, based on the March 11 Agreement, by the order of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, he attained the rank of Major and became a battalion commander. In 1979, he participated in the Gulan Revolution and was the head of the Oshnavieh department. In 1991, he participated in the uprising of the people of Kurdistan. On August 16, 1996, within the framework of the Golden Jubilee celebrations, for his struggle and resistance in the Second Barzan Revolution, the Republic of Kurdistan, the march toward the Soviet Union, the Aylul Revolution, and the Gulan Revolution by President Masoud Barzani he was awarded the Barzani the Immortal Medal.

     

                                                                                                           

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