Biography

Hussein Muhammad Chicho was born in 1925 in the village of Kanyalanj, affiliated with the Goratu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He went to the Soviet Union, where he married Zahira Kik Bay Bayna Zarova; they had one son and two daughters named Salawat Hussein, born in 1957, Halima Hussein, born in 1953, and Aisha Hussein, born in 1955. Hussein Muhammad was proficient in both Kurdish and Russian languages. On July 31, 1983, during the Anfal operation of the Barzanis, he was forcibly disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Harir complex.

Struggle Record

In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution. On October 12, he participated in the capture of the Khirazok police station, and on November 10, he participated in the capture of the Mazne police station. He lost an eye in one of the battles of the Second Barzan Revolution. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated.

On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with Mustafa Barzani and his comrades, he crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan force and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region on April 19, 1947, via (Khwakurk and the Barazgar plain) through the territory of Northern Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his comrades on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his comrades decided to continue and head towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his comrades, they were placed for forty days in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire, guarded by a group of soldiers, and treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of Azerbaijani Republic officers, were trained in military exercises for eight hours daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught Kurdish language lessons by some of their comrades who were literate.

After the poor treatment by Jafar Bagirov towards his comrades, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his comrades, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked in the Kolkhoz fields (lands that people rented from the government and later gave back the government's share).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which  Barzani described the hardships of his comrades, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's comrades. Eventually, the committee's decision was for them all to be gathered in the city of Vriviski, so he went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his comrades were granted a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his comrades by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

In the Year 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and was a Peshmerga. In 1975, after the defeat of the Aylul Revolution, he went to the Kingdom of Iran as a refugee and returned to Kurdistan in 1977.

Sources:
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