Biography

Muhammad Jamil Ali was born in 1899 in the village of Argosh, affiliated with the Shirwan Mazn sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He was married. He passed away on July 1, 1969, and was buried in the village of Ardewil.

Struggle Record

In 1932, he joined the First Barzan Revolution (1931-1932) and participated in its battles. In 1943, he joined the Peshmerga Forces of the Second Barzan Revolution (1943-1945) and participated in its battles and epics.

After the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan, he was among the Peshmerga who returned on April 19, 1947, via the Khwakurk route and the Barazgar plain to the soil of Northern Kurdistan, from the village of Khwakurk to the village of Argosh and the Herki region.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or head towards the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and head towards the Soviet Union.

 On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Kotol (Qotur) and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union..‌

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, he was placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught Kurdish language lessons by some of their companions who were literate..

After the poor treatment of Barzani's companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training. 

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on collective farms (Kolkhozes) (lands that people rented from the government and later gave a share back to the government). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was for them all to be gathered in the city of Vriviski, so Muhammad Jamil Ali went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951..

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim, Muhammad Jamil Ali returned to Kurdistan on April 16, 1959, along with his companions, via the ship Grozia through the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.. After returning, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and played a role. 

Source:

1- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.