Biography

 He was born in the year 1921 in the village of Che, which belongs to the Derluk sub-district in the Amadiya district of Duhok Governorate. He studied in the Soviet Union, married Khadija Ismail Lova, and they had two daughters (Rukhfza and Laila). He passed away in the year 1983 in Tehran, the capital of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Struggle Pages

On October 11, 1945, after the setback of the Barzan revolution, he crossed with Mustafa Barzani and his comrades to East Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad on March 31, 1946, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan force.

After the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and Barzani's return from East Kurdistan to South Kurdistan, he participated in the battles of Naghadeh and Shino in East Kurdistan. He was among his Peshmerga comrades, returning on 19/4/1947 via (Khwakurk and the Barazkara plain) through the lands of North Kurdistan to the Shirwan and Mazuri regions.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his comrades in the village of Arkush on 15/5/1947 and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his comrades decided to continue and head to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani to the Soviet Union. He participated in the battles of Qotur and the Maku Bridge, and after great hardship and extreme exhaustion, he crossed the Aras River heading to the Soviet Union on June 18, 1947, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union.

After their arrival in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his comrades were detained in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by soldiers. They were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and transportation. By decision of the Soviet government, they were later distributed to the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Yevlakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a camp on the Caspian Sea in the capital of the Azerbaijani Republic, Baku. On the 23rd of the same month, they received military uniforms and were receiving military training for eight hours daily under the supervision of officers from the Republic of Azerbaijan. At the same time, they were receiving lessons in teaching the Kurdish language for four hours daily from some of their educated comrades.

After Jafar Baghirov's mistreatment of his comrades, Barzani decided to move his military gathering from Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Jarjuk compound near the Uzbek capital, Tashkent, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, he and his comrades were distributed in groups by train to collective villages in the Soviet Union and worked on Kolkhoz farms (land that people would rent from the government and then pay a share to the government).

After great efforts and sending several letters from General Barzani to Stalin, Stalin finally received a letter in which Barzani spoke about the suffering of his comrades, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's comrades. The committee's final decision was that they should be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he headed to the Soviet city of Vrevsky in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, he and his comrades were included in the general amnesty according to Articles (3) and (7) and Paragraph (a) of Article (10), and the implementation of Article (11) under Law No. 19 as amended for the year 1959.

In the year 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the leadership of Abd al-Karim Qasim. He returned with his comrades on April 16, 1959, to Kurdistan on the ship Krusya via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

He participated in the Aylul Revolution in the year 1961, and in the year 1975, after the setback of the Aylul Revolution, he headed as a refugee to the Iranian Kingdom, and in the year 1976, he participated in the Gulan Revolution. 

Sources:

- Kurdistan Regional Government, Ministry of Planning, Administrative Units of the Governorates of the Kurdistan Region and the Number of Families and Population, Erbil, 2009.

- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).

- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).

- Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996).

- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).

- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviets, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).

- From the memoirs of the Martyr Commander Hasso Mirxan Zazoki, 62 Days with Barzani, The Barzanis' Departure to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Culture Press - 1997).

- Laith Abd al-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).

- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998). 

- Archive of the Encyclopedia Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.